Advances in technology and mobile communication have changed the way we manage our finances. These innovations save time and allow us to be more informed consumers. However, the innovations have also introduced new risks and exposures. With time, your financial accounts will grow, and so will the potential losses from identity theft and fraud. Review your credit report regularly. You can download your free report and search for errors or indications of fraud at www.annualcreditreport.com. If you will not be in the market for a new loan soon, it is possible to freeze or lock your credit profile to reduce the chance of identity theft. In that case, you need to contact each of the three credit bureaus: Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion. Here is a link to learn more. https://www.consumer.ftc.gov/articles/0497-credit-freeze-faqs If you receive a suspicious email, text, or voicemail that appears to come from your credit card company, do not…
Understanding Taxes and Tax Efficiency
For tax-deferred accounts, such as 401(k)s and 403(b)s, you contribute money from your paycheck before it is taxed, or with “pre-tax dollars.” In other words, you do not pay taxes on the portion of your salary that goes directly into your 401(k) or 403(b). Moreover, each year, you do not pay taxes on the income or capital gains earned. You pay taxes when you withdraw money from the account in retirement at the ordinary income rate. Ordinary income is the tax rate that you pay on your salary, interest, and other sources of income. Roth IRAs are tax-advantaged accounts. You fund Roth IRAs with after-tax dollars, so you do not get a tax break upfront. After you fund a Roth IRA, however, the income, appreciation, and withdrawals are all tax-free. The long-term tax advantages of Roth IRAs are powerful. For taxable accounts, you can access the money whenever you like. You have complete flexibility. At the…
Your Unique Financial Goals
What Are Your Savings Goals? Today is the perfect time to reconsider your financial goals. If you have a partner, make this discussion a priority. It is the only way to determine if you are on the same page when planning for the future. To assess your financial needs, ask yourself the following questions: Are there any impending near-term changes in your life? Do you need dividends or interest to support your present lifestyle? When do you plan to retire? What about other long-term plans, such as having children, changing jobs, traveling, or starting a business? Do you want to help your children with college expenses? Do you want to support specific charities? Are there unique factors to consider, such as health issues? Do other people rely on you for financial support? Do you have children or other family members with special needs? Are you interested in and willing to…
Financial Truths To Keep In Mind
Managing your financial life is not a “set it and forget it” exercise. You must educate yourself and stay engaged. As you become more conversant with concepts, many simple financial truths are worth remembering: The importance of time: Compounding is powerful. The importance of risk and return: There are many types of risk. The importance of discipline and conviction: Stay true to your plan. The importance of patience: Study your investment decisions and don’t rush. The importance of value: Value is not what you paid for something. It is what someone else is willing to pay for it. The importance of supply and demand: Both have an impact on value. The importance of expectations: They also drive value. The importance of liquidity: How easily something can be converted to cash is key. The importance of total return: Look at both appreciation and income. The importance of taxes: Timing and keeping…
Saving for a Rainy Day
When it comes to our financial lives, we should remember to “save for a rainy day.” Financial planners suggest that we have an emergency reserve equal to three-to-six months of our essential living expenses. It should be in a safe, stable vehicle such as a savings account or a money market fund. If you don’t have a sufficient reserve, make it a top priority. The easiest way to address the shortfall is to transfer a portion of your paycheck every pay period directly into a savings account. If you dip into your emergency fund, replenish it as soon as possible. In addition to an emergency reserve, you need to think about your overall liquidity. Liquidity is a term from economics that indicates how easily an asset can be converted to cash. Some asset classes are more liquid than others. Cash and money market funds are the most liquid assets. Stocks…
Make Your Retirement a Priority
Women often put others’ needs—our parents, partners, or children—before our own. We all have heard the advice that we cannot help others without taking care of our individual needs first, which is also true for our finances. Women take on many roles throughout their lives – daughters, wives, mothers, and, increasingly, businesswomen. The Small Business Administration reports that 50% of all US small businesses are home-based, equating to approximately 15 million. The Census Bureau estimates that women run nearly three-quarters of home-based businesses. Running your own business offers independence and flexibility. These appealing attributes are sometimes the primary reason why women start businesses, especially those who are mothers. At the same time, women business owners need to be even more diligent and disciplined about planning for retirement. Saving enough for retirement is the biggest concern for many of us. For some people, retirement is a long way off. For others,…
Cash Flow Drives Net Worth
Establishing sound personal finance practices while you are young is essential, and thinking about cash flow and net worth is a part of that. For those who are new to personal financial management, you need to think of the long run. Discipline and having the right mindset will help you stay out of debt and achieve your financial goals. Cash Flow Cash flow depends not only on your income but also on changes in your savings and debts. If, at the end of the year, you have not saved, and your credit card balance has grown, there is only one explanation – you consumed more than you earned. If you were able to save money or your debts have declined, you consumed less than you earned. Net Savings In terms of your take-home pay, you either spend it, consume it, or save it. The difference between income and spending or…
Emergency Reserve and Liquidity
Experts recommend that you have an emergency fund sufficient to cover three-to-six months of living expenses. Your emergency fund should be a safe, stable reserve such as a savings account or money market fund. If you are new to the workforce, it may take time to build up an adequate reserve. The easiest way is to transfer a portion of your paycheck every pay period directly into an account. If you dip into your emergency fund, replenish it as soon as possible. In addition to an emergency reserve, you need to think about liquidity. Liquidity is a term from economics that indicates how easily an asset can be converted to cash. Some asset classes are more liquid than others. Cash and money market funds are the most liquid assets. Stocks and bonds are usually liquid. During periods of financial turmoil, however, you may not want to convert these assets to…
Investment Truths
Managing your financial life is not a “set it and forget it” exercise. You must take a comprehensive view and stay engaged. As you work through the process and become more conversant with concepts, many financial truths are worth remembering: The importance of time: Compounding is powerful. The importance of risk and return: There are many types of risk. The importance of discipline and conviction: Stay true to your plan. The importance of patience: Study your investment decisions and don’t rush. The importance of value: Value is not what you paid for something. It is what someone else is willing to pay for it. The importance of supply and demand: Both have an impact on value. The importance of expectations: They also drive value. The importance of liquidity: How easily something can be converted to cash is key. The importance of total return: Look at both appreciation and income. The…
Understanding Financial Credentials
Financial professionals may possess a variety of certifications and designations. These credentials instill a sense of competency. In recent years, however, the number of financial credentials has expanded significantly. If you choose to work with a financial professional, you should understand what these credentials mean. The prestige of certifications and designations and their usefulness to clients varies considerably. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, has a designation lookup feature on its website, https://www.finra.org/investors/professional-designations. The tool is beneficial, especially because you can compare different designations. FINRA does not endorse or recommend any of these designations. The list of designations on the FINRA website is extensive. Currently, there are more than 200 listed. How do you determine which are the most meaningful? Look up what is required to achieve and maintain the various designations. If you need help with retirement planning, what are the prerequisites for becoming a Certified Retirement Financial…